The relationship between religion and sexuality is complex and often fraught with tension. Particularly in Christian churches, one repeatedly encounters the phenomenon of hostility towards the body – a negative attitude towards the human body and sexuality. But why is it that religion is so often used to make sexuality seem undesirable?

Historical roots of hostility towards the body

The roots of hostility towards the body in the Christian tradition go back a long way. In early Christianity, especially in the context of Paulinism and Augustinism, the body was often seen as a source of sin. The apostle Paul spoke in his letters of a struggle between the flesh and the spirit, with the flesh being portrayed as something negative that must be overcome. This dualistic view, which sees the body as inferior to the spirit, has strongly influenced Christian theology.

Augustine of Hippo, an influential church father, further reinforced this view. His theology of original sin emphasized the sinful nature of man, which is passed on through the act of procreation. These ideas have had a lasting influence on the Christian attitude towards sexuality and physicality.

Biblical interpretations and teachings

The Bible itself contains a wide range of statements on sexuality, which are often interpreted differently. Some passages, such as the Song of Songs, celebrate physical love and sexuality. Others, such as certain passages in the Old and New Testaments, impose strict moral standards and condemn certain sexual practices.

Over the centuries, churches have often selectively interpreted and emphasized these passages to support certain teachings and norms. The emphasis on abstinence, chastity and the rejection of sexuality outside of marriage has contributed to promoting a culture of body-hostility.

Social and cultural influences

In addition to theological roots, social and cultural factors also play a role. In many societies shaped by Christian values, sexuality is often associated with shame and guilt. These attitudes are reinforced by upbringing, education and the media, and contribute to a negative perception of sexuality.

The power structures within the churches also have an influence. Historically, church authorities have often imposed strict moral rules to maintain control over the faithful. These rules often affect sexuality because it is seen as an area of life that can easily lead to “sinful” acts.

Consequences of hostility towards the body

The effects of hostility towards the body are far-reaching and often harmful. People who grow up in such an environment can develop a negative body image and have difficulty developing a healthy relationship with their sexuality. Feelings of guilt, shame and fear are common side effects.

Women and members of the LGBTQ+ community are often particularly affected and face additional prejudice and discrimination. The church’s teachings, which condemn certain sexual orientations and practices, contribute to the marginalization and stigmatization of these groups.

Steps towards positive change

However, there are also signs of change and progress within the Christian churches. Some progressive theologians and communities are advocating a more positive view of sexuality and physicality. They emphasize the importance of love, respect and acceptance and seek to develop a theology that recognizes the human being as a whole – body and spirit.

Education and enlightenment play a crucial role in overcoming hostility towards the body. Encouraging believers to question their own beliefs and reflect on the Bible and its teachings in a new light can help to develop new, healthier attitudes.

Hostility towards the body in Christian churches is a deeply rooted problem with historical, theological and cultural roots. But by facing this challenge and advocating for a more positive view of sexuality and physicality, we can take an important step towards healing and acceptance. It is time for churches to take seriously their role as places of love and acceptance, helping people develop a healthy and fulfilling relationship with their sexuality.